The Comparator Circuit for Open/Short Detection works as follows:
1. Open Circuit Detection: When there is an open circuit across the input connector, the voltage at V- will be approximately 5.1V, which is higher than the V+ voltage of 2.5V. As a result, the output to the microcontroller will be Low (0V).
2. Short Circuit Detection: In the event of a short circuit across the input connector, the voltage at V- will drop below 2.5V, causing the output to go High (5V).
In addition to open and short circuit detection, this circuit can also be utilized as a simple continuity test by connecting an LED and Buzzer at the output.
