Thursday, November 22, 2018

Altium Designer : Moving Design Origin to User's Preferred Location

Altium Designer : Moving Design Origin to User's Preferred Location





























On the Edit tab, in the Origin,  choose Set.

Altium Designer, Shortcuts for Viewing, Changing Grid and Snap Setting

Changing Grid and Snap Setting in Altium Designer
















Toggle measurement Unit: Q
Accessing Grid menu: G
Changing snap setting: SHIFT + E
Switching 2D and 3D View: 2 & 3
Fit all objects into view: CTRL + PAGE DOWN
Zoom in around the cursor (zooms around the cursor, position the cursor first): CTRL + Mouse-wheel up (or PAGE UP)
Zoom out: CTRL + Mouse-wheel down (or PAGE DOWN)


Wednesday, November 21, 2018

AAA Battery Protection with Wrong Polarity LED Indicator

AAA Battery Protection with Wrong Polarity LED Indicator
This simple circuit will protect the AA or AAA battery from the wrong polarity connection to your device. If the battery is connected in the opposite way, D1 will conduct and PTC Fuse will break the circuit. Wrong polarity indicator, LED 1 will be turned on at the same time.

Thursday, June 7, 2018

A Basic Transistor Amplifier with self-bias

A Basic Transistor Amplifier with self-bias
This circuit will amplify the input signal with self-bias or feedback which can prevent amplitude distortion. However, it has two small drawbacks. It is only partially effective and, therefore, is only used where moderate changes in ambient temperature are expected. It reduces amplification since the signal on the collector also affects the base voltage. This is because the collector and base signals for this particular amplifier configuration are 180 degrees out of phase (opposite in polarity) and the part of the collector signal that is fed back to the base cancels some of the input signal. This process of returning a part of the output back to its input is known as DEGENERATION or NEGATIVE FEEDBACK. Sometimes degeneration is desired to prevent amplitude distortion (an output signal that fails to follow the input exactly) and self-bias may be used for this purpose.

Wednesday, June 6, 2018

Common Mode and Differential Mode Filters to limit EMI Issues

Noise can propagate in two major ways: Differential Mode (DM) Noise occurs between two conductors carrying opposing currents, such as the positive and negative lines in a DC circuit. Common Mode (CM) Noise appears in the same direction on both conductors relative to ground. Each sort of noise behaves differently, requiring a specific filtering technique.

Differential Mode and Common Mode Noise illustration


This EMI filter includes a common-mode filter and a differential-mode filter. Generally Differential mode filter filters noise less than 30MHz and Common mode filter filters noise from 30 MHz to 100 MHz. Both filters have an effect on the entire frequency where EMI needs limiting.


This EMI filter consists of a common-mode filter and a differential-mode filter. Differential mode filters typically filter noise below 30 MHz, while common mode filters filter noise between 30 MHz and 100 MHz. Both filters affect the entire frequency range where EMI needs to be limited.








Power Calculation from Current and Resistance

Power Equation for Current and Resistance P = I² R Current (I) in Amps ...